• Kazumichi Yamada, Satoshi Goto, Kazuhito Matsuzaki, Shinji Nagahiro, Nagako Murase, Hideki Shimazu, Ryuji Kaji, Jun-Ichi Kuratsu, and Yukitaka Ushio.
• Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan; Departments of Neurological Surgery Clinical Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan.
• Neuromodulation. 2006 Apr 1;9(2):107-14.

AbstractObjectives.  With respect to postoperative activities of daily living (ADL), we retrospectively investigated associated psychiatric symptoms that influenced beneficial effects of subthalamic nucleus (STN) stimulation in our Japanese patients with Parkinson disease (PD). Materials and Methods.  Twenty-five patients underwent bilateral STN stimulation. Pre- and 3 months after the surgery, their parkinsonian symptoms were evaluated with Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) and Schwab-England (S-E) ADL scale. Stepwise multiple analysis was performed to determine the factors affecting postoperative ADL. Results.  Eleven out of 25 patients manifested drug-induced psychosis preoperatively, although their mean dosage of levodopa was small (366.4 ± 152.7 mg). Disease duration positively affected the severity of the patients' psychiatric symptoms. Postoperative S-E score showed a significant improvement compared to the pretreatment baseline in both of "on" and "off" medication states, as all their cardinal motor symptoms were significantly ameliorated. Preoperative scores for thought disorder and axial disability negatively impact on the postoperative S-E score in "on" state (p < 0.01). Preoperative score for intellectual impairment was only a significant predictor of worse postoperative ADL in "off" state. Conclusions.  The markedly lower dose of levodopa may suggest ethnic characteristics of our Japanese patients with respect to tolerance for antiparkinsonian medications. Preoperative manifestation of drug-induced psychosis and cognitive dysfunction were the major factor that strikingly suppressed daily activities after STN stimulation.

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