• Fabio Cacciapaglia, Marco Fornaro, Vincenzo Venerito, Simone Perniola, Livio Urso, and Florenzo Iannone.
• DETO-Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation-Rheumatology Unit, University of Bari, Bari, Italy.
• Eur. J. Clin. Invest. 2020 Dec 1; 50 (12): e13343.

BackgroundAssessing cardiovascular (CV) risk represents a challenge for clinicians because more variables can impact CV risk. The aim of this study was to evaluate the change of CV risk after 5 years of biological treatment in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and impact of prolonged low disease activity on 5 different CV risk algorithms.Materials And MethodsWe estimated the CV risk, at baseline and at 5-year follow-up (FU), with the Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation(SCORE) charts, the algorithm 'Progetto Cuore', the QRISK3-2018 score, the Reynold Risk Score(RRS) and the Expanded Risk Score in RA(ERS-RA). Clinical disease activity index(CDAI) was used to define RA activity. Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare CV risk scores.ResultsIn 110 patients with a 5-year FU on biological disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug treatment, we observed an increase in the 10-year CV risk estimated by SCORE charts [from mean (SD) 0.9% (1.4) to 1.1% (1.5), P < .001], 'Progetto Cuore' [from mean (SD) 5.5% (7.2) to 6.2% (6.8), P < .001], QRISK3-2018 [from mean (SD) 9.3% (10.1) to 11.9% (10.8), P < .001) and RRS [from mean (SD) 5.6% (6.4) to 6.2% (7.5), P < .05], mainly due to age raise. ERS-RA highlighted a significant decrease of estimated CV risk in patients with persistent CDAI ≤ 10[from mean (SD) 9.6% (11.2) to 7.3% (6.4), P < .05], despite age increase and its impact on the CV risk score.ConclusionsAlgorithms commonly used to estimate 10-year CV risk in RA perform differently. Scores that include specific inflammatory RA-related variables seem to decrease with amelioration of disease activity. Further investigations are warranted to explore the predictive value of their changing over time.© 2020 Stichting European Society for Clinical Investigation Journal Foundation.

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