• Esther Levi and Ohad Ronen.
• Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel.
• Eur. J. Clin. Invest. 2021 Jan 1; 51 (1): e13355.

BackgroundAntibiotic treatment guidelines for common infectious diseases enable proper diagnosis and treatment and avoid unnecessary antibiotic treatment, preventing both financial expenditure and antimicrobial resistance to antibiotics.MethodsThe aim of our study was to investigate whether community physicians referring patients to the medical centre and whether emergency department (ED) physicians diagnose and treat acute pharyngitis according to these guidelines. We conducted a retrospective study. Data were collected on 99 patients admitted with the diagnosis of acute pharyngitis. The patients were admitted to the medical centre between 2015 and 2014. The physicians' adherence to antibiotic guidelines for indication, type and duration of treatment for acute pharyngitis was examined.ResultsThe adherence of community physicians regarding the indication for antibiotic treatment was low (16%). The adherence of community and ED physicians regarding the type of treatment was high (96% and 99%, respectively). The adherence of ED physicians regarding the duration of treatment was higher than the adherence among community physicians (58% and 13.3%, respectively, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, P < .001). Interns tended to adhere to the guidelines more than seniors (36.4% versus 12.0%, respectively, Fisher's exact test, P = .07).ConclusionsThere is a lack of compliance with the guidelines among community physicians regarding the diagnosis and antibiotic treatment of acute pharyngitis, which is characterized by excessive antibiotic treatment. Therefore, ways to increase awareness and adherence to clinical guidelines, and to allow the conditions in the clinics to fulfil the guidelines should be investigated.© 2020 Stichting European Society for Clinical Investigation Journal Foundation. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

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