• Bahram Mohebbi, Azar Tol, Roya Sadeghi, Seideh Fatemeh Mohtarami, and Ahmadreza Shamshiri.
• Cardiovascular Intervention Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
• Arch Iran Med. 2019 Apr 1; 22 (4): 168-173.

BackgroundThe Health Belief Model (HBM) as a conceptual framework in health behavior research was applied to improve self-management. This study aimed to determine the effect of theory-based intervention program among women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).MethodsThis quazi-experimental study was conducted on 110 women 17-41 years old which were divided randomly into intervention (n = 55) and control (n = 55) groups. The intervention group received a self-management education for four sessions lasting 35-40 minutes accompanied with a phone call as a booster. Both intervention and control groups attended a routine GDM education program at outpatient health centers. A multi-section instrument included demographics, 28 items in HBM (CVI and CVR were 0.83, 0.87, respectively) and self-management sections. All participants were invited to complete the questionnaire at baseline and at three and six months after intervention. SPSS version 21 was performed for data analysis using repeated measure ANOVA and paired t-test. P less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsAt baseline, demographics and HBM constructs revealed no significant differences between two groups (P>0.05). After intervention, perceived susceptibility, severity, barriers, benefits and self-efficacy revealed significant differences in the intervention group compared with controls (P<0.001). Self-management and HbA1c indicated significant differences in the intervention group before and after three and six months (P<0.001) whereas in the control group no significant differences were revealed (P>0.05).ConclusionImplementing the HBM educational intervention program with focus on benefits of self-management has positive impact on pregnant women.© 2019 The Author(s). This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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