• Alexander Gomelsky, Kenneth Abreo, Nazih Khater, Adrian Abreo, Bakhtiar Amin, Madelyn K Craig, Amit Prabhakar, Elyse M Cornett, Richard D Urman, and Alan D Kaye.
• Department of Urology, LSU Health Shreveport, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA, 71103, USA. Electronic address: agomel@lsuhsc.edu.
• Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol. 2020 Jun 1; 34 (2): 167-182.

AbstractPerioperative acute kidney injury (AKI) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Patient comorbidities, the type of surgery, timing of surgery, and exposure to nephrotoxins are important contributors for developing acute kidney injury. Urgent or emergent surgery, cardiac, and organ transplantation procedures are associated with a higher risk of acute kidney injury. Nephrotoxic drugs, contrast dye, and diuretics can worsen preexisting kidney dysfunction or act as an additive and/or synergistic insult to perioperative injury. A history of preoperative chronic kidney disease is the main risk factor for developing AKI, conferring as much as a 10-fold risk. However, beyond the preoperative renal function, the development of AKI is a complex phenomenon that involves a combination of patient-related and surgery-related factors.Published by Elsevier Ltd.

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