• Injury · Nov 2020

    Popliteal artery injuries. Less ischemic time may lead to improved outcomes.

    • Juan A Asensio, Parinaz J Dabestani, Stephanie S Miljkovic, Tharun R Kotaru, John J Kessler, Louay D Kalamchi, Florian A Wenzl, Arthur P Sanford, and Vincent L Rowe.
    • Department of Surgery, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, United States. Electronic address: juanasensio@creighton.edu.
    • Injury. 2020 Nov 1; 51 (11): 2524-2531.

    BackgroundPopliteal artery injuries are rare. They have high amputation rates.ObjectivesTo report our experience, identify predictors of outcome; mechanism of injury (MOI), Mangled Extremity Severity Score (MESS) score and length of ischemic time. We hypothesized that ischemic time as close to six hours results in improved outcomes.MethodsRetrospective 132-month study. All popliteal artery injuries. Urban Level I Trauma Center.Outcome MeasuresMOI, ISS, MESS, ischemic time, risk factors for amputation, role of popliteal venous injuries, and limb salvage.Statistical Analysisunivariate and multivariate.Results76 patients - 59 (76.1%) males and 17 (22.4%) females. MOI: penetrating - 54 (71%). MESS for penetrating injuries - 5.8 ± 1.5, blunt injuries - 5.6 ± 1.8. Admission-perfusion restoration (n = 76) - 5.97 hours (358 minutes). Ischemic time was not predictive of outcome (p = 0.79). Ischemic time penetrating (n = 58) 5.9 hours (354 ± 209 minutes), blunt 6.1 hours (371 ± 201 minutes). Popliteal arterial repairs: RSVG 44 (58%), primary repair 21 (26%), PTFE 3 (4%), vein patch 2 (2%), ligation 2 (3%), exsanguinated 4 (6%). No patients underwent stenting. Popliteal Vein: Repair 19 (65%), ligation 10 (35%). Fasciotomies 45 patients (59%).OutcomesLimb salvage - 90% (68/76). Adjusted limb salvage excluding intraoperative deaths - 94% (68/72). Selected patient characteristics; MOI: penetrating vs. blunt - age (p <0.0005). Amputated vs. non-amputated patients, age (p < 0.05). ISS (p < 0.005) predicted amputation, MESS (p = 0.98) did not. Mean ischemic time (p = 0.79) did not predict amputation. Relative risk of amputation, MOI - blunt (p = 0.26, RR 4.67, 95% CI: 1.11 - 14.1), popliteal artery ligation (p = 0.06, RR 3.965, 95% CI: 1.11 - 14.1) as predictors of outcome. Combined artery and vein injuries (p = 0.25) did not predict amputation.ConclusionsDecreasing ischemic time from arrival to restoration of perfusion may lead to improved outcomes and increased limb salvage. MESS is not predictive for amputation. Blunt MOI is a risk factor for amputation. Maintaining ischemic times as close to six hours as possible may lead to improved outcomes.Copyright © 2020. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

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