• Óscar Peñuelas, Fernando Frutos-Vivar, and Jordi Mancebo.
• Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, CIBERES, Madrid, Spain.
• Semin Respir Crit Care Med. 2020 Dec 1; 41 (6): 798-805.

AbstractChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) continues to be an important cause of morbidity, mortality, and health care costs worldwide. Although there exist some heterogeneity between patients, the course of COPD is characterized by recurrent acute exacerbations, which are among the most common causes of medical admission to hospital. Patients with frequent exacerbations have accelerated lung function decline, worse quality of life, and greater mortality. Therefore, interest is growing in assessing the effectiveness of interventions used to treat exacerbations. The present review summarizes the current evidence regarding the use of ventilatory management to treat COPD and the implementation of novel cost-effective strategies, such as high-flow oxygenation or extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal to improve clinical outcomes and functional recovery in this disease and to reduce the associated costs.Thieme. All rights reserved.

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