• Martin Siegemund and Luzius A Steiner.
• Department for Anesthesia, Surgical Intensive Care, Prehospital Emergency Medicine and Pain Therapy, University Hospital Basel Spitalstrasse 21, Basel 4031, Switzerland.
• Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. 2015 Oct 1; 28 (5): 487-93.

Purpose Of ReviewMonitoring and therapy of patients in neurocritical care are areas of intensive research and the current evidence needs further confirmation.Recent FindingsA consensus statement of the Neurocritical Care Society and the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine provided pragmatic guidance and recommendations for multimodal monitoring in neurocritical care patients. Only a minority of these recommendations have strong evidence. In addition, recent multicenter randomized controlled trials concerning the therapy of subarachnoidal hemorrhage and traumatic brain injury could not show decreased mortality or improved functional neurologic outcome after the interventions. The current evidence for monitoring and medical therapy in patients after traumatic brain injury and aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage is highlighted in this review.SummaryAlthough strong evidence is lacking, multimodal monitoring is of great value in neurocritical care patients and may help to provide patients with the optimal therapy based on the individual pathophysiological changes.

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