• Nicole Evangelidis, Allison Tong, Martin Howell, Armando Teixeira-Pinto, Julian H Elliott, Luciano Cesar Azevedo, Andrew Bersten, Lilia Cervantes, Derek P Chew, Sally Crowe, Ivor S Douglas, Ella Flemyng, Peter Horby, Jaehee Lee, Eduardo Lorca, Deena Lynch, John C Marshall, Anne McKenzie, Sangeeta Mehta, Mervyn Mer, Andrew Conway Morris, Saad Nseir, Pedro Povoa, Mark Reid, Yasser Sakr, Ning Shen, Alan R Smyth, Tom Snelling, StrippoliGiovanni F MGFMSydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, Bari, Italy., Antoni Torres, Tari Turner, Steve Webb, Paula R Williamson, Laila Woc-Colburn, Junhua Zhang, Amanda Baumgart, Sebastian Cabrera, Yeoungjee Cho, Tess Cooper, Chandana Guha, Emma Liu, Andrea Matus Gonzalez, Charlie McLeod, Patrizia Natale, Valeria Saglimbene, Andrea K Viecelli, Jonathan C Craig, and COVID-19-Core Outcomes Set (COS) Survey Investigators.
• Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
• Crit. Care Med. 2020 Nov 1; 48 (11): 161216211612-1621.

ObjectivesThere are over 4,000 trials conducted in people with coronavirus disease 2019. However, the variability of outcomes and the omission of patient-centered outcomes may diminish the impact of these trials on decision-making. The aim of this study was to generate a consensus-based, prioritized list of outcomes for coronavirus disease 2019 trials.DesignIn an online survey conducted in English, Chinese, Italian, Portuguese, and Spanish languages, adults with coronavirus disease 2019, their family members, health professionals, and the general public rated the importance of outcomes using a 9-point Likert scale (7-9, critical importance) and completed a Best-Worst Scale to estimate relative importance. Participant comments were analyzed thematically.SettingInternational.SubjectsAdults 18 years old and over with confirmed or suspected coronavirus disease 2019, their family members, members of the general public, and health professionals (including clinicians, policy makers, regulators, funders, and researchers).InterventionsNone.MeasurementsNone.Main ResultsIn total, 9,289 participants from 111 countries (776 people with coronavirus disease 2019 or family members, 4,882 health professionals, and 3,631 members of the public) completed the survey. The four outcomes of highest priority for all three groups were: mortality, respiratory failure, pneumonia, and organ failure. Lung function, lung scarring, sepsis, shortness of breath, and oxygen level in the blood were common to the top 10 outcomes across all three groups (mean > 7.5, median ≥ 8, and > 70% of respondents rated the outcome as critically important). Patients/family members rated fatigue, anxiety, chest pain, muscle pain, gastrointestinal problems, and cardiovascular disease higher than health professionals. Four themes underpinned prioritization: fear of life-threatening, debilitating, and permanent consequences; addressing knowledge gaps; enabling preparedness and planning; and tolerable or infrequent outcomes.ConclusionsLife-threatening respiratory and other organ outcomes were consistently highly prioritized by all stakeholder groups. Patients/family members gave higher priority to many patient-reported outcomes compared with health professionals.

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