• Toshikazu Abe, Tomoharu Suzuki, Shigeki Kushimoto, Seitaro Fujishima, Takehiro Sugiyama, Masao Iwagami, Hiroshi Ogura, Atsushi Shiraishi, Daizoh Saitoh, Toshihiko Mayumi, Hiroki Iriyama, Akira Komori, Taka-Aki Nakada, Yasukazu Shiino, Takehiko Tarui, Toru Hifumi, Yasuhiro Otomo, Kohji Okamoto, Yutaka Umemura, Joji Kotani, Yuichiro Sakamoto, Junichi Sasaki, Shin-Ichiro Shiraishi, Ryosuke Tsuruta, Akiyoshi Hagiwara, Kazuma Yamakawa, Kiyotsugu Takuma, Tomohiko Masuno, Naoshi Takeyama, Norio Yamashita, Hiroto Ikeda, Masashi Ueyama, Satoshi Gando, and for JAAM FORECAST group.
• Department of General Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo.
• Medicine (Baltimore). 2020 Mar 1; 99 (11): e19446.

AbstractClinical manifestations of sepsis differ between patients with and without diabetes mellitus (DM), and these differences could influence the clinical behaviors of medical staff. Therefore, we aimed to investigate whether pre-existing DM was associated with the time to antibiotics or sepsis care protocols.This was a retrospective cohort study.It conducted at 53 intensive care units (ICUs) in Japan.Consecutive adult patients with severe sepsis admitted directly to ICUs form emergency departments from January 2016 to March 2017 were included.The primary outcome was time to antibiotics.Of the 619 eligible patients, 142 had DM and 477 did not have DM. The median times (interquartile ranges) to antibiotics in patients with and without DM were 103 minutes (60-180 minutes) and 86 minutes (45-155 minutes), respectively (P = .05). There were no significant differences in the rates of compliance with sepsis protocols or with patient-centred outcomes such as in-hospital mortality. The mortality rates of patients with and without DM were 23.9% and 21.6%, respectively (P = .55). Comparing patients with and without DM, the gamma generalized linear model-adjusted relative difference indicated that patients with DM had a delay to starting antibiotics of 26.5% (95% confidence intervals (95%CI): 4.6-52.8, P = .02). The gamma generalized linear model-adjusted relative difference with multiple imputation for missing data of sequential organ failure assessment was 19.9% (95%CI: 1.0-42.3, P = .04). The linear regression model-adjusted beta coefficient indicated that patients with DM had a delay to starting antibiotics of 29.2 minutes (95%CI: 6.8-51.7, P = .01). Logistic regression modelling showed that pre-existing DM was not associated with in-hospital mortality (odds ratio, 1.26; 95%CI: 0.72-2.19, P = .42).Pre-existing DM was associated with delayed antibiotic administration among patients with severe sepsis or septic shock; however, patient-centred outcomes and compliance with sepsis care protocols were comparable.

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