• Dawood Sayed, Krishnan Chakravarthy, Kasra Amirdelfan, Hemant Kalia, Kathleen Meacham, Prasad Shirvalkar, Steven Falowski, Erika Petersen, Jonathan M Hagedorn, Jason Pope, John Leever, ASPN MRI Compatibility Working Group, and Timothy Deer.
• University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.
• Neuromodulation. 2020 Oct 1; 23 (7): 893-911.

ObjectivesThe evolution of neuromodulation devices in order to enter magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanners has been one of understanding limitations, engineering modifications, and the development of a consensus within the community in which the FDA could safely administer labeling for the devices. In the initial decades of neuromodulation, it has been contraindicated for MRI use with implanted devices. In this review, we take a comprehensive approach to address all the major products currently on the market in order to provide physicians with the ability to determine when an MRI can be performed for each type of device implant.Materials And MethodsWe have prepared a narrative review of MRI guidelines for currently marketed implanted neuromodulation devices including spinal cord stimulators, intrathecal drug delivery systems, peripheral nerve stimulators, deep brain stimulators, vagal nerve stimulators, and sacral nerve stimulators. Data sources included relevant literature identified through searches of PubMed, MEDLINE/OVID, SCOPUS, and manual searches of the bibliographies of known primary and review articles, as well as manufacturer-provided information.ResultsGuidelines and recommendations for each device and their respective guidelines for use in and around MR environments are presented.ConclusionsThis is the first comprehensive guideline with regards to various devices in the market and MRI compatibility from the American Society of Pain and Neuroscience.© 2020 International Neuromodulation Society.

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