• J Neurosurg Anesthesiol · Jul 2016

    Review

    The Neurobiology of Anesthetic Emergence.

    • Vijay Tarnal, Phillip E Vlisides, and George A Mashour.
    • Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Neuroanesthesiology, Center for Consciousness Science, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI.
    • J Neurosurg Anesthesiol. 2016 Jul 1; 28 (3): 250-5.

    AbstractAchieving a smooth and rapid emergence from general anesthesia is of particular importance for neurosurgical patients and is a clinical goal for neuroanesthesiologists. Recent data suggest that the process of emergence is not simply the mirror image of induction, but rather controlled by distinct neural circuits. In this narrative review, we discuss (1) hysteresis, (2) the concept of neural inertia, (3) the asymmetry between the neurobiology of induction and emergence, and (4) recent attempts at actively inducing emergence.

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