• Am J Emerg Med · Mar 2021

    Case Reports

    Acute necrotizing encephalopathy: A case report.

    • Evan L Jackson, Wesley Eilbert, and Amber M Hathcock.
    • Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Illinois, College of Medicine, 1819 West Polk St. Room 469, Chicago, IL 60612, United States of America. Electronic address: evanleighjackson@gmail.com.
    • Am J Emerg Med. 2021 Mar 1; 41: 263.e5-263.e7.

    AbstractAcute necrotizing encephalopathy (ANE) is a recently identified, uncommon encephalopathy affecting children. ANE is characterized by a preceding viral illness followed by seizures and rapid progressive neurologic deterioration. The diagnosis of ANE is made based on clinical presentation and characteristic multifocal brain lesions seen on computed tomography (CT). We report a previously healthy two-year-old boy who presented to our emergency department (ED) after a seizure in the setting of fever and diarrhea. He was ultimately diagnosed with ANE and treated with steroids and IVIG. Early identification of this high morbidity condition by its typical clinical picture and characteristic radiologic findings is key to allow for optimal treatment.Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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