• Philipp Kickingereder, Benedikt Wiestler, Sina Burth, Antje Wick, Martha Nowosielski, Sabine Heiland, Heinz-Peter Schlemmer, Wolfgang Wick, Martin Bendszus, and Alexander Radbruch.
• Department of Neuroradiology, University of Heidelberg Medical Center, Heidelberg, Germany (P.K., S.B., S.H., M.B., A.R.); Neurology Clinic, University of Heidelberg Medical Center, Heidelberg, Germany (B.W., A.W., W.W.); German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany (B.W., W.W.); Department of Neurology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria (M.N.); Department of Radiology, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany (H.-P.S., A.R.).
• Neuro-oncology. 2015 Aug 1; 17 (8): 1139-47.

BackgroundTo analyze the relevance of dynamic susceptibility-weighted contrast-enhanced MRI (DSC-MRI) derived relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) analysis for predicting response to bevacizumab (BEV) in patients with recurrent glioblastoma (rGB).MethodsA total of 127 patients diagnosed with rGB receiving either bevacizumab (71 patients, BEV cohort) or alkylating chemotherapy (56 patients, non-BEV cohort) underwent conventional anatomic MRI and DSC-MRI at baseline and at first follow-up after treatment initiation. The mean rCBV of the contrast-enhancing tumor (cT1) as well as cT1 and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) volumes at both time points were correlated with progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) using Cox proportional hazard models, logistic regression, and the log-rank test.ResultsBaseline rCBV was associated with both PFS (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.3; P < .01) and OS (HR = 1.3; P < .01) in the BEV cohort and predicted 6-month PFS in 82% and 12-month OS in 79% of patients, whereas it was not associated with PFS (HR = 1.0; P = .70) or OS (HR = 1.0; P = .47) in the non-BEV cohort. Corresponding median OS and PFS rates in the BEV cohort for patients with rCBV-values less than 3.92 (optimal threshold from receiver operating characteristic [ROC] analysis of 12-month OS data) were 14.2 and 6.0 months, as compared to 6.6 and 2.8 months for patients with rCBV-values greater than 3.92 (P < .01, respectively). cT1 and FLAIR volumes at first follow-up were significant predictors of 6-month PFS and 12-month OS in the BEV cohort but not in the non-BEV cohort. Corresponding volumes at baseline were not significant in any cohort.ConclusionsPretreatment rCBV is a potential predictive imaging biomarker in BEV-treated rGB but not alkylating chemotherapy-treated rGB, which is superior to volumetric analysis of conventional anatomic MRI and predicts 6-month PFS and 12-month OS in 80% of BEV-treated patients.© The Author(s) 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Neuro-Oncology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

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