• Jie Dong, Weifeng Xu, and Zhigang Ji.
• Urology Department of Peking Union Medical Collage Hospital, Beijing, China.
• Medicine (Baltimore). 2020 Sep 4; 99 (36): e22057.

IntroductionBased on existing literature, the juxtaglomerular cell tumor (JGCT) is a rare renal tumor, typically present with hypertension and hypokalemia. Nonfunctioning JGCT, without hypertension or hypokalemia, is extremely rare.Patient ConcernsHerein, we report a case of nonfunctioning JGCT mimicking renal cell carcinoma. The 29-year-old woman with an unremarkable past medical history presented with a left renal tumor without hypertension or hypokalemia.DiagnosisBoth CT and 18F-FDG-PET/CT suggested a malignancy, possibly renal cell carcinoma.InterventionsThe tumor was then removed completely via robotic assistant laparoscopic partial nephrectomy; and pathology result was JGCT. Since the patient had no hypertension or hypokalemia, a nonfunctional JGCT was diagnosed.OutcomesThe patient recovered uneventfully, and was in good health in 6-months' follow-up period.ConclusionPreoperative identification of JGCT is very difficult due to the lack of specific clinical manifestations. This case teaches us that for young patients with renal tumors whose CT enhancement is not obvious at the early phase, JGCT should be considered as a differential diagnosis. Radical nephrectomy should be avoided for JGCT in consideration of its relatively good prognosis.

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