Intrathecal morphine 100mcg did not increase obstructive sleep apnea severity in those undergoing hip arthroplasty under spinal anesthesia.

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• Eric Albrecht, Virginie Bayon, Camila Hirotsu, Aboud Al Ja'bari, and Raphaël Heinzer.
• Department of Anaesthesia, University Hospital of Lausanne, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. Electronic address: eric.albrecht@chuv.ch.
• Br J Anaesth. 2020 Nov 1; 125 (5): 811-817.

BackgroundIntrathecal morphine prolongs analgesia after surgery, but has been implicated in postoperative respiratory depression or apnoeic episodes. However, this has not been investigated in a prospective trial using respiratory polygraphy. This randomised controlled triple-blinded trial tested the hypothesis that intrathecal morphine increases sleep apnoea severity, measured using respiratory polygraphy.MethodsSixty subjects undergoing hip arthroplasty under spinal anaesthesia received either 15 mg isobaric bupivacaine 0.5% with 0.5 ml normal saline 0.9% (control group) or 15 mg isobaric bupivacaine 0.5% with 0.5 ml intrathecal morphine 100 μg (intrathecal morphine group). Respiratory polygraphy was performed before surgery and on the first and third postoperative nights. The primary outcome was the apnoea-hypopnoea index in the supine position (supine AHI) on the first postoperative night. Secondary outcomes included supine AHI on the third postoperative night, oxygen desaturation index (ODI), and ventilatory frequency during the first and third postoperative nights.ResultsOn the first postoperative night, mean (95% confidence interval) values for supine AHI were 20.6 (13.9-27.3) and 21.2 (12.4-30.0) events h-1 in the control and intrathecal morphine groups, respectively (P=0.90). There were no significant between-group differences for any of the secondary outcomes, except for a significantly higher central and mixed apnoea index preoperatively and significantly lower mean SpO2 on the third postoperative night in the control group.ConclusionsIntrathecal morphine did not increase sleep apnoea severity when measured using respiratory polygraphy. Of note, all patients had an increased number of apnoeic episodes on the third postoperative night.Clinical Trial RegistrationNCT02566226.Copyright © 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.

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