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J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Apr 2011
Comparative StudyEstimating the volume of chronic pleural effusions using transesophageal echocardiography.
- Andrew Howard, Andrew Jackson, Christopher Howard, and Phillip Spratt.
- Department of Anaesthesia, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, Australia. andrewhoward@me.com
- J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth.. 2011 Apr 1;25(2):229-32.
ObjectiveTo develop a simple method of quantifying the volume of chronic pleural effusions caused by heart failure using transesophageal echocardiography measurement of the maximum cross-sectional area of the pleural effusion.DesignA prospective observational case series.SettingAn operating room.ParticipantsTwenty-eight patients undergoing cardiac surgery known to have chronic pleural effusions caused by heart failure diagnosed preoperatively in whom surgical management included draining the effusion.InterventionsTransesophageal echocardiography was in situ for clinical reasons. The drainage of all pleural effusions was performed according to clinical judgement.Measurement And Main ResultThe maximum cross-sectional area (CSA(max)) in centimeters squared of the pleural effusion on transesophageal echocardiography was recorded. The chest and pleural cavity were opened, the pleural effusion was drained, and total amount of fluid drained was recorded. The data were analyzed on a log-log plot with the conclusion that volume (V) in milliliters could be estimated from the following formula: V = 4.5 · CSA(max)(3/2).ConclusionThis study showed a simple way of quantifying the volume of chronic pleural effusions from heart failure in patients undergoing cardiac surgery, with potential for clinical applications.Crown Copyright © 2011. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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