• Sidra Hameed, Faisal Faiyaz Zuberi, Sagheer Hussain, and Syed Khalid Ali.
• Dr. Sidra Hameed, MBBS, DTCD. Chest Unit-II, Ojha Institute of Chest Diseases Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan.
• Pak J Med Sci. 2019 Sep 1; 35 (5): 1361-1365.

ObjectiveTo evaluate risk factors having significant effect on mortality of smear positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis (PTB) inpatients.MethodsA descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Ojha Institute of Chest Diseases, Dow University Hospital Ojha Campus, Karachi. One hundred and seventy (170) inpatients of smear positive PTB confirmed by Acid Fast Bacilli (AFB) smear, aged between 13-80 years were enrolled by using consecutive sampling technique while patients with drug resistant Tuberculosis (TB) and extra pulmonary TB were excluded from the study. Selected patients were interviewed for collecting demographic data and risk factor data by using a standard questionnaire.ResultsOut of 170 PTB inpatients, mortality was observed in 23 (13.5%) patients among which male patients were 12 (52.2%), and female were 11 (47.8%). Mortality was significantly associated with increasing age (p=0.003), socioeconomic status (p=0.019), anemia (p=0.03), Chronic Liver Disease (CLD) (p=0.005), Diabetes Mellitus (DM) (p=0.001), Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) (p=0.007), Hypertension (HTN) (p=0.006), recurrent TB (p=0.001), and smoking (p=0.001).ConclusionIncreasing age, poverty, smoking history, and presence of comorbidities like DM, CLD, HIV, hypertension, and anemia are associated with higher mortality in smear positive PTB cases.

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