• Pessia Friedman Rubin, Assaf Erez, Benjamin Peretz, Ravit Birenboim-Wilensky, and Ephraim Winocur.
• a Department of Oral Rehabilitation , The Maurice and Gabriela School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv , Israel.
• Cranio. 2018 Jul 1; 36 (4): 243-249.

ObjectivesThe aims of the current study were: (1) to assess the prevalence of oral habits, bruxism, and temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) among children living in Uganda; (2) to establish whether parafunctional activities are associated with TMDs; and (3) to examine the possible impact of gender and age on the prevalence of bruxism, oral habits, and TMDs.MethodsThis study included 153 children aged 6-17 years. The study consisted of a questionnaire and a clinical examination.ResultsTMDs were moderately prevalent (35%). Parafunctional habits were performed by 93% of the participants. When performed extensively, they were significantly related to myalgia. No gender or age significant differences were found.Conclusions1. Only extensive masticatory parafunctional oral activity is significantly related to myalgia. 2. Gender and age had no impact on the prevalence of bruxism, oral habits, or TMDs. 3. Sleep and awake bruxism were not related to anamnestic symptoms or clinical findings in TMD.

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