• Mohsen Shahidi, Houman Bakhshandeh, Khaled Rahmani, and Abdorrahim Afkhamzadeh.
• Mohsen Shahidi, Pediatric Cardiologist, Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Rajaiee Heart Center, Tehran, Iran.
• Pak J Med Sci. 2019 Mar 1; 35 (2): 353-359.

Objective And BackgroundDuring the past decade, many researchers have indicated that open cardiac surgery, using cardiopulmonary bypass, could be an essential factor to induce post-operative electrolyte imbalances which may be followed by life threatening complications such as arrhythmia. Nevertheless, by this time there may be a few researches about comparing of hypomagnesaemia and other electrolyte imbalances between open, on pump, and closed, off pump, heart operation.MethodsIn this cohort study conducted at Rajaie Heart Center in Tehran from December 2014 to August 2015, we evaluated hypomagnesaemia, hypocalcemia, hypokalemia and hyponatremia in 205 children aged under 15 years who underwent open (101 children) and closed (104 children) cardiac surgery. Repeated measures ANOVA, paired t test and Chi-square/Fisher exact test were used for analysis the data in SPSS version 21.ResultsAccording to our study the frequency of electrolyte imbalances including hypomagnesaemia after pediatric heart surgery is relatively high (28.7% hypomagnesaemia at the second day) with more occurrence in closed cardiac operations. There was no significant relationship between hypomagnesaemia and pump time duration (P>0.05). On the other hand, this research indicated that there is significant relationship between post-operative hypomagnesaemia and some other variables including cyanotic heart disease (P=0.01) and concurrent electrolyte imbalance such as hypocalcaemia and hypokalemia (P<0.05).ConclusionEarly evaluation and correction of hypomagnesaemia should be considered after both closed and open heart operation.

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