• Alyne Barbosa Brito, Williany Barbosa de Magalhães, João Paulo Silva de Paiva, Thiago Cavalcanti Leal, Leonardo Feitosa da Silva, Lucas Gomes Santos, Gibson Barros de Almeida Santana, Tânia Rita Moreno de Oliveira Fernandes, and Carlos Dornels Freire de Souza.
• Núcleo de Estudos em Medicina Social e Preventiva (Nemsp), Departamento de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, campus Arapiraca, AL, Brasil.
• Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992). 2020 Sep 1; 66 (9): 1196-1202.

ObjectiveTo describe the temporal trend, clinical profile, and the prevalence of risk factors and associated comorbidities in new cases of tuberculosis in the Northeast (2001-2016).MethodsA prevalence study involving all tuberculosis cases registered in Northeast Brasil, 2001-2016. Data were obtained from the National System of Notification of Disorders. For statistical analysis, the inflection point regression model and descriptive statistics were used.Results331,245 cases of tuberculosis were reported. The overall incidence rate decreased from 44.84/100,000 inhabitants (2001) to 30.92/100,000 inhabitants (2016), with a decreasing trend (AAPC: -2.3; p<0.001). The profile was characterized by men (73.53%), age 20-59 years (73.56%), pulmonary tuberculosis (86.37%), positive smear microscopy (54.78%). The main risk factors and comorbidities were: AIDS (4.64%), HIV (12.10%), Diabetes mellitus (5.46%), alcohol (11.63%), institutionalized, (4.31%) and deprived of liberty (2.30%). The cure rate was 70.66% and the abandonment rate was 9.11%.ConclusionsEven with a reduced incidence, tuberculosis represents a real public health problem in the Northeast region. The profile was characterized by a male population, in economically-active age, lung smear-positive pulmonary presentation, and the risk factors and comorbidities of Aids, TB/HIV co-infection, diabetes mellitus, alcohol consumption, institutionalized and deprived of freedom reflect the complexity of the challenges in facing the disease.

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