• Augusto Carbonari, Lucio Rossini, Fabio Marioni, Marco Camunha, Mauro Saieg, Fabiola Bernardi, Fernando Maluf, Marcio Botter, Vicente Dorgan, and Roberto Saad.
• Hospital Santa Casa de São Paulo - Departamento de Endoscopia e Centro Franco Brasileiro de Ecoendoscopia (CFBEUS), São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
• Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992). 2020 Sep 1; 66 (9): 1210-1216.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the value of EBUS-TBNA in the diagnosis of lung and mediastinal lesions.MethodsProspective cohort study that included 52 patients during a 2-year period (2016 to 2018) who underwent EBUS-TBNA.ResultsAmong the 52 individuals submitted to the procedure, 22 (42.31%) patients were diagnosed with locally advanced lung cancer (N2 or N3 lymph node involvement). EBUS-TBNA confirmed the diagnosis of metastases from other extrathoracic tumors in the mediastinum or lung in 5 patients (9.61%), confirmed small cell lung cancer in 3 patients (5.76%), mediastinal sarcoidosis in 1 patient (1.92%), and reactive mediastinal lymph node in 8 patients (15.38%); insufficient results were found for 3 patients (5.76%). Based on these results, EBUS-TBNA avoided further subsequent surgical procedures in 39 of 52 patients (75%). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy were 86%, 100%, 100%, 77%, and 90%, respectively. No major complications were observed.ConclusionsEBUS-TBNA is a safe, effective, and valuable method. This technique can significantly reduce the rate of subsequent surgical procedures required for the diagnosis of lung and mediastinal lesions.

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