• Sofia Oliva-Costa, Samir Nahass, Andréa Dourado, and Selma Lopes.
• Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, BA, Brasil.
• Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992). 2020 Sep 1; 66 (9): 1252-1257.

ObjectiveTo describe the characteristics of patients treated at a level III surgical Neonatal Intensive Care Unit outside of a maternity service and analyze possible risk factors for mortality in this population.MethodsA retrospective cohort study evaluating patients admitted to a level III surgical Neonatal Intensive Care Unit from June/2015 to November/2017. Univariate analysis was performed by the Chi-square test and T-student test or Mann-Whitney test. Multivariate analysis by logistic regression was performed including in the model the variables with a P-value <0.2 in univariate analysis. Kaplan-Meier curve and Log-Rank test were performed using the variables that were statistically associated with death in the multivariate analysis. A significance level of a=5% and an error B=80% were adopted.ResultsDuring this period, 246 patients were admitted to this service. 58 (23.8%) patients died, with a mean time until death of 18 days. Half of the patients had a clinical diagnosis of sepsis (50.6%), blood culture was positive in 25.2%, and gram-positive bacteria (48.4%) were the main pathogens isolated. The variables that remained in the final model after multivariate analysis were diagnosis of congenital heart disease (OR = 4.5; p = 0.016), clinical diagnosis of sepsis (OR = 8.1; p = 0.000), and isolation of gram-positive bacteria in blood culture (OR = 3.9; p = 0.006).ConclusionThe level III surgical Neonatal Intensive Care Unit outside of a maternity service has a different profile of morbidity and mortality, and death was associated with the diagnosis of congenital heart disease, the clinical diagnosis of sepsis, and the isolation of gram-positive bacteria in the blood culture.

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