• Neslihan Ozcelik, Ali Erdem Ozcelik, Yilmaz Bulbul, Funda Oztuna, and Tevfik Ozlu.
• Pulmonary Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey.
• Curr Med Res Opin. 2020 Dec 1; 36 (12): 2019-2024.

AimsThis study aimed to develop a new intelligent diagnostic approach using an artificial neural network (ANN). Moreover, we investigated whether the learning-method-guided quantitative analysis approach adequately described mediastinal lymphadenopathies on endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) images.MethodsIn total, 345 lymph nodes (LNs) from 345 EBUS images were used as source input datasets for the application group. The group consisted of 300 and 45 textural patterns as input and output variables, respectively. The input and output datasets were processed using MATLAB. All these datasets were utilized for the training and testing of the ANN.ResultsThe best diagnostic accuracy was 82% of that obtained from the textural patterns of the LNs pattern (89% sensitivity, 72% specificity, and 78.2% area under the curve). The negative predictive values were 81% compared to the corresponding positive predictive values of 83%. Due to the application group's pattern-based evaluation, the LN pattern was statistically significant (p = .002).ConclusionsThe proposed intelligent approach could be useful in making diagnoses. Further development is required to improve the diagnostic accuracy of the visual interpretation.

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