• Filiz Namdar Pekiner, Emre Aytugar, Gulderen Yanikkaya Demirel, and Mehmet Oguz Borahan.
• Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral Diagnosis and Radiology, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey. fpekiner@yahoo.com
• J. Oral Pathol. Med. 2012 Jan 1; 41 (1): 73-9.

BackgroundOne of the factors involved in the pathogenesis of Behçet disease (BD) and recurrent aphthous ulcerations (RAU) is a cell-mediated immune response in which several cytokines (interleukin-2, interleukin-6) and T regulatory cell (T reg cell) population seem to play a major role. The aim of this study was to measured the interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels and analysis of CD4(+) CD25(+) Foxp-3(+) Treg cells in peripheral blood from patients with BD and RAU. In addition; we also analysed peripheral blood from healthy subjects for comparison.MethodsThirty patients (15 men and 15 women) with BD, 30 patients (12 men and 18 women) with RAU and 15 healthy control subjects (nine men and six women) participated in the study. Analysis of CD4(+) CD25(+) Foxp-3(+) Treg cells, IL-2 and IL-6 levels have been measured in flow cytometry.ResultsNo statistical differences were observed in the serum levels of IL-2 and IL-6 between BD and RAU patients, and healthy subjects. Although there were no statistical differences in the number of CD4(+) CD25(+) Foxp-3(+) cells between groups, there were statistically significant differences in the number of CD4(+) CD25(bright) Treg cells. CD4(+) CD25(bright) Treg cells were significantly increased in BD and RAU patients compared to healthy subjects. Statistical analysis revealed no difference according to the number of CD4(+) CD25(bright) cells between BD and RAU patients.ConclusionsThese results indicate that CD4(+) CD25(bright) T regulatory cells may be contributing factor in the pathogenesis of BD and RAU.© 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S.

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