• Xiao Shen, Qi Li, and Hengshu Zhang.
• Department of Plastic and Burn Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 You Yi Road, Chongqing, China.
• Aesthetic Plast Surg. 2016 Oct 1; 40 (5): 801-5.

BackgroundAutologous facial fat injection is becoming popular around the world. Semiliquid fat grafts are used for correction of deformities or aesthetic purposes. Fat transfer is a mini-invasive surgical procedure, but causes severe complications occasionally.MethodsA 30-year-old female patient presented to our hospital with sudden unconsciousness and left limb weakness 8 h after facial fat injection. Brain arteriography (CTA) and venography were performed immediately after her admission. Frontal temporoparietal decompressive craniectomy plus multiple treatments was scheduled for the patient.ResultsThe patient was diagnosed with extensive cerebral infarction of the right hemisphere. CTA showed that both external and internal carotid arteries were obstructed. A sectional filling defect could be seen at the telecentric segment of the right carotid artery. No development was observed during the full course of the treatment at the carotid bifurcation, external carotid artery, or internal carotid artery.ConclusionRoutine cosmetic procedures of facial fat injections could cause devastating and even fatal complications to patients.Level Of Evidence VThis journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the A5 online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.

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