• Wan-Chi Liu, Chao-Shun Lin, Chun-Chieh Yeh, Hsin-Yun Wu, Yuarn-Jang Lee, Chi-Li Chung, Yih-Giun Cherng, Ta-Liang Chen, and Chien-Chang Liao.
• Department of Anesthesiology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan.
• J. Infect. Dis. 2018 Feb 14; 217 (5): 816-826.

BackgroundLimited information is available on the association between influenza vaccination and postoperative outcomes.MethodsUsing Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database reimbursement claims data from 2008-2013, we conducted a matched cohort study of 16903 patients aged >66 years who received influenza vaccinations and later underwent major surgery. Using a propensity score matching procedure adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics, medical condition, surgery type, and anesthesia type, 16903 controls who underwent surgery but were not vaccinated were selected. Logistic regressions were used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for postoperative pneumonia and in-hospital mortality associated with influenza vaccination.ResultsPatients who received preoperative influenza vaccination had a lower risk of postoperative pneumonia (OR, 0.60; 95% CI, .56-.64) and in-hospital mortality (OR, 0.46; 95% CI, .39-.56), compared with unvaccinated patients, in both sexes and every age group. Vaccinated patients who underwent surgery also had a decreased risk of postoperative intensive care unit admission (OR, 0.56; 95% CI, .53-.60), shorter hospital stays (P < .0001), and lower medical expenditures (P < .0001) than nonvaccinated controls.ConclusionsVaccinated geriatric patients who underwent surgery had lower risks of pneumonia and in-hospital mortality, compared with unvaccinated patients who underwent similar major surgeries. Further studies are needed to explain how preoperative influenza vaccination improves perioperative outcomes.© The Author(s) 2017. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

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