• Brain Stimul · Nov 2014

    Controlled Clinical Trial

    Transcranial oscillatory direct current stimulation during sleep improves declarative memory consolidation in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder to a level comparable to healthy controls.

    • Alexander Prehn-Kristensen, Manuel Munz, Robert Göder, Ines Wilhelm, Katharina Korr, Wiebke Vahl, Christian D Wiesner, and Lioba Baving.
    • Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Center for Integrative Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Germany. Electronic address: a.prehn@zip-kiel.de.
    • Brain Stimul. 2014 Nov 1; 7 (6): 793-9.

    BackgroundSlow oscillations (<1 Hz) during slow wave sleep (SWS) promote the consolidation of declarative memory. Children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have been shown to display deficits in sleep-dependent consolidation of declarative memory supposedly due to dysfunctional slow brain rhythms during SWS.ObjectiveUsing transcranial oscillating direct current stimulation (toDCS) at 0.75 Hz, we investigated whether an externally triggered increase in slow oscillations during early SWS elevates memory performance in children with ADHD.Methods12 children with ADHD underwent a toDCS and a sham condition in a double-blind crossover study design conducted in a sleep laboratory. Memory was tested using a 2D object-location task. In addition, 12 healthy children performed the same memory task in their home environment.ResultsStimulation enhanced slow oscillation power in children with ADHD and boosted memory performance to the same level as in healthy children.ConclusionThese data indicate that increasing slow oscillation power during sleep by toDCS can alleviate declarative memory deficits in children with ADHD.Copyright © 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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