• Sareh Zhand, Marie Saghaeian Jazi, Saeed Mohammadi, Tarighati Rasekhi Roozbeh R Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA., Ghassem Rostamian, Mohammad Reza Kalani, Aida Rostamian, Jacob George, and Mark W Douglas.
• School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.
• Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Aug 3; 21 (15).

AbstractThe pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), with rising numbers of patients worldwide, presents an urgent need for effective treatments. To date, there are no therapies or vaccines that are proven to be effective against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Several potential candidates or repurposed drugs are under investigation, including drugs that inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication and block infection. The most promising therapy to date is remdesivir, which is US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved for emergency use in adults and children hospitalized with severe suspected or laboratory-confirmed COVID-19. Herein we summarize the general features of SARS-CoV-2's molecular and immune pathogenesis and discuss available pharmacological strategies, based on our present understanding of SARS-CoV and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infections. Finally, we outline clinical trials currently in progress to investigate the efficacy of potential therapies for COVID-19.

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