• Awais Wahab, Oona Onkamo, Matti Pirinen, Alhadi Almangush, and Tuula Salo.
• Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
• Oral Dis. 2020 Oct 8.

BackgroundTumour budding (B) and depth of invasion (D) have both been reported as promising prognostic markers in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). This meta-analysis assessed the prognostic value of the tumour budding and depth of invasion combination (BD model) in OSCC.MethodsDatabases including Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science were searched for articles that studied the BD model as a prognosticator in OSCC. PICO search strategy was "In OSCC patients, does BD model have a prognostic power?" We used the reporting recommendations for tumour marker prognostic studies (REMARK) criteria to evaluate the quality of studies eligible for systematic review and meta-analysis.ResultsNine studies were relevant as they analysed the BD model for prognostication of OSCC. These studies used either haematoxylin and eosin (HE) or pan-cytokeratin (PCK)-stained resected sections of OSCC. Our meta-analysis showed a significant association of BD model with OSCC disease-free survival (hazard ratio = 2.02; 95% confidence interval = 1.44-2.85).ConclusionsThe BD model is a simple and reliable prognostic indicator for OSCC. Evaluation of the BD model from HE- or PCK-stained sections could facilitate individualized treatment planning for OSCC patients.© 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC.

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