• Tomoyoshi Takenaka, Kiyomi Furuya, Koji Yamazaki, Naoko Miura, Kana Tsutsui, and Sadanori Takeo.
• Department of Thoracic Surgery, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization, Kyushu Medical Center, Jigyohama 1-chome, 8-1, Chuo-ku, Fukuoka, 810-8563, Japan. ttake@surg2.med.kyushu-u.ac.jp.
• Surg. Today. 2018 Feb 1; 48 (2): 229-235.

PurposeWe evaluated the long-term outcomes of clinical stage IA non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema (CPFE) who underwent lobectomy.MethodsWe reviewed the chest computed tomography (CT) findings and divided the patients into normal, fibrosis, emphysema and CPFE groups. We evaluated the relationships among the CT findings, the clinicopathological findings and postoperative survival.ResultsThe patients were classified into the following groups based on the preoperative chest CT findings: normal lung, n = 187; emphysema, n = 62; fibrosis, n = 8; and CPFE, n = 17. The patients with CPFE were significantly older, more likely to be men and smokers, had a higher KL-6 level and lower FEV 1.0% value and had a higher rate of squamous cell carcinoma. The 5-year overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival rates were as follows: normal group, 82.5 and 76.8%; emphysema group, 80.0 and 74.9%; fibrosis group, 46.9 and 50%; and CPFE group, 36.9 and 27.9%, respectively (p < 0.01). A univariate and multivariate analysis determined that the pathological stage and CT findings were associated with OS.ConclusionsCPFE is a significantly unfavorable prognostic factor after lobectomy, even in early-stage NSCLC patients with a preserved lung function.

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