• Sabrina Cipolletta and Margherita Reggiani.
• Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
• Palliat Med. 2021 Jan 1; 35 (1): 209-218.

BackgroundAdvance care planning and advance directives play a key role in the care of life-threatening illnesses such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.AimThe aim of the present study is to explore how the introduction of these features by law improves the experience of end-of-life care.DesignFive focus groups were conducted in Italy 1 year after the new law on advance directives was introduced.Setting/ParticipantsPurposive sampling was used to recruit 24 health professionals and 23 family caregivers of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, for a total of 47 participants.ResultsThe thematic analysis, conducted through the use of ATLAS.ti software, identified four thematic areas: best practices, managing difficulties, care relationships and proposals. The results indicated a lack of organization, collaboration and continuity on the part of healthcare services and professionals, a lack of information on palliative care, advance care planning, and advance directives. End-of-life care is often left to the good will of the individual professional. Difficulties can also derive from ethical dilemmas concerning end-of-life decision-making and from a lack of communication and relationships between health professionals, patients and their families.ConclusionThe introduction of advance directives by law has not been sufficient to improve end-of-life care. In order to make legal regulation effective, the organization of healthcare services needs to be improved and clearer procedures have to be implemented and shared with patients and families.

9 keywords...

hide…