• C-A Lame, B Loum, A-K Fall, J Cucherousset, and A-R Ndiaye.
• Service ORL, Hôpital Principal de Dakar, 11, rue Jean Mermoz, Dakar, Senegal. Electronic address: cheikhlame@gmail.com.
• Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis. 2017 Oct 1; 134 (5): 347-349.

IntroductionKikuchi-Fujimoto disease, or histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis, is a benign disease most commonly affecting adult females. It generally presents in the form of febrile cervical lymphadenopathy. This diagnosis must be considered in the setting of tropical medicine, dominated by a high prevalence of tuberculous lymphadenitis and haematological malignancies.Case ReportThe authors report the case of a 33-year-old Senegalese woman who presented with subacute cervical lymphadenopathy associated with fever and laboratory signs of inflammation. Serological and tuberculosis screening tests were negative. Histopathological examination of a lymph node biopsy, following failure of nonspecific antibiotic therapy, concluded on a diagnosis of Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease. A favourable course was observed in response to corticosteroid therapy.ConclusionIn Sub-Saharan Africa, the association of polyadenitis and febrile syndrome, after excluding tuberculosis and lymphomas, must raise the suspicion of rare diseases such as Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease.Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.

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