• Eline M Kochen, Paul A Boelen, TeunissenSaskia C C MSCCMJulius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands., Floor Jenken, Roos R de Jonge, Martha A Grootenhuis, Marijke C Kars, and emBRACE Working Group.
• Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands. Electronic address: e.m.kochen@umcutrecht.nl.
• J Pain Symptom Manage. 2021 Jul 1; 62 (1): 107-116.

ContextAlthough parents experience grief when confronted with their child's deterioration and imminent death, most bereavement care is focused on supporting parents after child loss. Insight into intentions and strategies of the health care professionals (HCPs) in preloss care during the end of life is still lacking.ObjectivesTo create a starting point for improvement of preloss care, this study explores HCPs' experiences with providing support aimed at parental feelings of grief during the child's end of life.MethodsExploratory qualitative research using individual semistructured interviews with clinicians in pediatrics and neonatology in hospital and homecare settings. Data were thematically analyzed by a multidisciplinary team.ResultsNineteen HCPs participated. HCPs tried to ensure that parents could reflect on the care received as concordant to their preferences and were not hindered in their bereavement as a consequence of their professional actions. Strategies included maximizing parental presence, enabling parental involvement in decision making, and ensuring a dignified death. While using these strategies, HCPs faced several difficulties: uncertainty about the illness course, unpredictability of parental grief responses, and being affected themselves by the child's imminent death. It helped HCPs to develop a bond with parents, find comfort with colleagues, and making joint decisions with colleagues.ConclusionHCPs strive to improve parental coping after the child's death, yet apply strategies that positively influence parental preparedness and well-being during the end of life as well. Individual HCPs are left with many uncertainties. A more robust approach based on theory, evidence, and training is needed to improve preloss care in pediatrics.Copyright © 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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