• Kemal Dogan, Jens Homan, Edo O Aarts, Hans de Boer, van Laarhoven Cees J H M CJHM Department of Surgery, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands., and Frits J Berends.
• Department of Surgery, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, The Netherlands. Electronic address: dogan.research@outlook.com.
• Clin Nutr. 2018 Apr 1; 37 (2): 612-617.

Background & AimsRoux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is an effective treatment for obesity. However, it also leads to multiple nutritional deficiencies. Much is known about the short term prevalence, but hardly any long term data is available on deficiencies. The aim of this study was to assess the long term outcome of nutritional status after RYGB.MethodsWe performed a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data obtained from 51 morbidly obese patients who underwent a primary laparoscopic RYGB. Primary outcomes were iron, vitamin B12 and vitamin D deficiencies. Secondary outcomes were deficiencies of other vitamins and minerals and compliance of the patients to multivitamin use.ResultsThe mean follow-up was 81 ± 27 months. A total of 35%, 16% and 55% of the patients had deficiencies for iron, vitamin B12 and vitamin D respectively. Sixty-nine percent of patients used a (nonspecific) multivitamin supplement on a daily basis. Patients with multivitamin usage had a lower rate of iron deficiency (26% vs. 56%, p = 0.034), vitamin B12 (11% vs. 25%, p = 0.46) and vitamin D (46% vs. 75%, p = 0.07), compared to non-compliant patients.ConclusionsNutritional deficiencies are common after a RYGB operation. Therefore, strict follow-up by a bariatric surgeon, endocrinologist or general practitioner is required, both short and long term.Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd and European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism. All rights reserved.

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