• Environmental research · Nov 2018

    Prenatal nitrate air pollution exposure and reduced child lung function: Timing and fetal sex effects.

    • Sonali Bose, Maria José Rosa, Mathilda Chiu Yueh-Hsiu YH Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1198, New York, NY 10029, United States., Leon Hsu Hsiao-Hsien HH Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States., Qian Di, Alison Lee, Itai Kloog, Ander Wilson, Joel Schwartz, Robert O Wright, Wayne J Morgan, Brent A Coull, and Rosalind J Wright.
    • Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States; Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1198, New York, NY 10029, United States.
    • Environ. Res. 2018 Nov 1; 167: 591-597.

    BackgroundPrenatal particulate air pollution exposure may alter lung growth and development in utero in a time-sensitive and sex-specific manner, resulting in reduced lung function in childhood. Such relationships have not been examined for nitrate (NO3-).MethodsWe implemented Bayesian distributed lag interaction models (BDLIMs) to identify sensitive prenatal windows for the influence of NO3- on lung function at age 7 years, assessing effect modification by fetal sex. Analyses included 191 mother-child dyads. Daily ambient NO3- exposure over pregnancy was estimated using a hybrid chemical transport (Geos-Chem)/land-use regression model. Spirometry was performed at mean (SD) age of 6.99 (0.89) years, with forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) z-scores accounting for child age, sex, height and race/ethnicity.ResultsMost mothers were Hispanic (65%) or Black (22%), had ≤ high school education (67%), and never smoked (71%); 17% children had asthma. BDILMs adjusted for maternal age and education and child's asthma identified an early sensitive window of 6-12 weeks gestation, during which increased NO3- was significantly associated with reduced FEV1 z-scores specifically among boys. BDLIM analyses demonstrated similar sex-specific patterns for FVC.ConclusionEarly gestational NO3- exposure is associated with reduced child lung function, especially in boys.Copyright © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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