• Amisha Vastani, Asfand Baig Mirza, Jose Pedro Lavrador, Timothy Martyn Boardman, Muhammed Faheem Khan, Irfan Malik, Sinan Barazi, and Gordan Grahovac.
• Department of Neurosurgery, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom. Electronic address: amisha.vastani@live.co.uk.
• World Neurosurg. 2021 Feb 1; 146: e384e397e384-e397.

ObjectiveSpontaneous spinal subdural hematoma (SSSDH) is exceedingly rare, with significant morbidity in most patients. Acute neurologic deficit in the context of a SSSDH is considered a neurosurgical emergency. We performed a literature review and compared the results with our institutional experience to evaluate the risk factors and neurologic outcomes of SSSDH.MethodsWe retrospectively collected the medical, radiologic, and surgical information of 4 patients with SSSDH who were operated on in our neurosurgical unit. A literature review of surgically managed patients with SSSDH and their neurologic outcomes was performed. Ordered logistic regression statistics were used to study the risk factors influencing the postoperative Domenicucci grade.ResultsA total of 112 patients were evaluated, with a female/male ratio of 1.3:1. Mean patient age was 60.25 years. Our analysis of the data showed that the cohort of patients presenting with bladder dysfunction in addition to paraparesis were found to have worse neurologic outcomes postoperatively. Adjusted analysis identified 3 clinical characteristics that influenced surgical outcome: cervical SSSDH (P = 0.029), neurologic deficit (P < 0.001), and anticoagulation medication (P < 0.001).ConclusionsThis review shows that patients aged ≥60 years and on anticoagulation are at an increased risk of sustaining a spontaneous subdural spinal hematoma without history of trauma. To our knowledge, this is also the first study to show a presenting symptom of bladder dysfunction as a significant risk factor for poor surgical outcome in SSSDH. Our study supports surgical evacuation of acute SSSDH in the presence of these risk factors.Crown Copyright © 2020. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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