• Brittany Dewdney, Alexandra Trollope, Joseph Moxon, Diana Thomas Manapurathe, Erik Biros, and Jonathan Golledge.
• The Vascular Biology Unit, Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Arterial Diseases, College of Medicine & Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia.
• J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2018 Mar 1; 27 (3): 522-530.

BackgroundAcute ischemic stroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Unlike myocardial infarction, there is no current blood test to diagnose acute ischemic stroke. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are very stable in the blood and have been suggested as potential diagnostic markers.Materials And MethodsThis review aimed to systematically assess case-control studies investigating the association of circulating miRNAs with acute ischemic stroke. Medline, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed were searched for studies that examined the association of circulating miRNAs in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Studies meeting specific inclusion and exclusion criteria (such as blood samples obtained within 24 hours of an acute ischemic stroke) were selected for data extraction. Two authors extracted data from the included studies relevant to the study design, the patient characteristics, and the relative miRNA expression.ResultsEight studies were included involving 572 cases and 431 healthy controls. Twenty-two miRNAs (12 upregulated and 10 downregulated) were reported as differentially expressed. Only 1 miRNA, miR-106b, was reported as differentially expressed in at least 2 studies. Significant heterogeneity in the design and methods of the included studies was noted.ConclusionsDifferential expression of a large number of miRNAs has been reported early following acute ischemic stroke. More research is required in larger patient populations to further evaluate the diagnostic potential of the reported miRNAs.Crown Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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