• Hiroaki Nakashima, Shiro Imagama, Yasutsugu Yukawa, Tokumi Kanemura, Mitsuhiro Kamiya, Masao Deguchi, Norimitsu Wakao, Takashi Sato, Kei Matsuzaki, Go Yoshida, Yukihiro Matsuyama, Naoki Ishiguro, and Fumihiko Kato.
• *Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan †Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chubu Rosai Hospital, Nagoya, Japan ‡Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Konan Kosei Hospital, Aichi, Japan §Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Aichi Medical University, Aichi, Japan ¶Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nagano Red Cross Hospital, Nagano, Japan ‖Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hamamatsu Medical Center, Shizuoka, Japan; and **Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hamamatsu Medical University, Shizuoka, Japan.
• Spine. 2015 Jan 15; 40 (2): E120-6.

Study DesignRetrospective comparative study.ObjectiveTo compare the surgical results of anterior and posterior combined surgery (AP) and posterior fixation with vertebroplasty (VP) for treating osteoporotic delayed vertebral collapse.Summary Of Background DataThe optimal treatment of osteoporotic delayed vertebral collapse has been controversial. Because of aged patients' numerous comorbid medical complications and frequent instrumentation failure secondary to osteoporosis, it is challenging for surgeons to manage osteoporotic delayed vertebral collapse. In spite of this, there have been few reports comparing the surgical results.MethodsA total of 93 patients with osteoporotic delayed vertebral fracture who underwent spinal surgery were enrolled at 6 hospitals. Sixty-five patients underwent AP surgery in 3 hospitals, and 28 patients underwent VP surgery in the other 3 hospitals. We restricted the spinal-fracture level to thoracolumbar lesion (T10-L2) and excluded patients followed up more than 2 years after surgery. The final numbers of patients included in this study were 24 in the AP group and 21 in the VP group. There were no significant differences between the 2 groups in terms of age, sex, disease duration, or duration of follow-up.ResultsOperative time was significantly longer and intraoperative blood loss significantly greater in the AP group. No significant difference between the 2 groups was observed in neurological improvement or the angle of kyphosis correction. However, the loss of correction was significantly greater in the VP group. There were no significant differences in perioperative respiratory or other complications. Implant-related complications and pseudarthrosis were more often observed in the VP group. One patient in the VP group underwent additional surgery for progression kyphosis.ConclusionAP surgery provides stable spinal fixation and reduces implant failure particularly at the thoracolumbar junction because of load bearing of anterior spinal elements. Surgery-related complications in AP surgery were as few in number as with the VP group, and AP surgery is useful for osteoporotic delayed vertebral fracture.

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