• Jina Yeo, Min-Seok Seo, In Cheol Hwang, and Jae-Yong Shim.
• Rheumatology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
• Arch Iran Med. 2020 Sep 1; 23 (9): 614-620.

BackgroundThe risk of urologic cancers in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) remains uncertain. We investigated the association between SLE and incident urologic cancers through a systematic review and meta-analysis.MethodsWe searched the PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library to identify articles that recorded prostate, bladder, or kidney cancers in SLE patients from inception to August 31, 2018. We included observational, case-control, or cohort studies with no language restriction. Two investigators screened and extracted the data independently.ResultsFourteen cohort studies with 83,860 SLE patients were finally analyzed. Overall, SLE patients were at increased risk of bladder cancer (hazard ratio [HR], 1.92; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.15-3.21) but not of prostate or kidney cancer. However, subgroup analyses showed a reduced risk of prostate cancer in <10-year follow-up studies (HR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.51-0.89) and an elevated risk of kidney cancer in patients with SLE in Western studies (HR, 2.00; 95% CI, 1.02-3.92), community-based studies (HR, 4.54; 95% CI, 2.17-9.52), prospective studies (HR, 6.84; 95% CI, 2.71-17.26), <10-year follow-up studies (HR, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.38-2.57), and low-quality studies (HR, 2.05; 95% CI, 1.50-2.80).ConclusionThis study indicates that SLE increases the risk of bladder cancer but not prostate or kidney cancer. Well-designed long-term studies are required to confirm these associations.© 2020 The Author(s). This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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