• Am. J. Med. Sci. · Sep 2010

    Review

    Clostridium difficile infection.

    • Latisha Heinlen and Jimmy D Ballard.
    • Departments of Internal Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104, USA.
    • Am. J. Med. Sci. 2010 Sep 1; 340 (3): 247-52.

    AbstractClostridium difficile is the leading cause of hospital-acquired diarrhea in Europe and North America and is a serious reemerging pathogen. Recent outbreaks have led to increasing morbidity and mortality and have been associated with a new strain (BI/NAP1/027) of C difficile that produces more toxin than historic strains. With the increasing incidence of C difficile infection, clinicians have also seen a change in the epidemiology with increased infections in previously low-risk populations. This chapter highlights the current knowledge on C difficile virulence, human disease, epidemic outbreaks and optimal treatment strategies.

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