• Julie-Anne Fleet, Meril Jones, and Ingrid Belan.
• School of Nursing&Midwifery, The University of South Australia, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia. Electronic address: julie.fleet@unisa.edu.au.
• Midwifery. 2017 Oct 1; 53: 15-19.

ObjectiveTo compare women's experience of receiving either intranasal fentanyl, subcutaneous fentanyl or intramuscular pethidine for labour analgesia.DesignA content analysis was undertaken as part of the third phase of a larger randomised controlled trial, using the per-protocol dataset to examine women's experiences of treatment received. Healthy women birthing at term, who received intranasal fentanyl (n=41), subcutaneous fentanyl (n=37) and/or intramuscular pethidine (n=38) for labour analgesia, were contacted at 6 weeks postpartum to complete a phone questionnaire.SettingA tertiary and regional maternity unit in South Australia.FindingsOver 80% of women who received intranasal or subcutaneous fentanyl reported that they would use the treatment again compared to 44.8% of women who had received pethidine (self-administered intranasal fentanyl provided more expressive responses emphasising the route provided a strong sense of control and enablement.Key ConclusionsRoute of administration influenced the women's experience, more women who self-administered intranasal fentanyl reported positive emotional responses, with women reporting increased autonomy and satisfaction. Whereas, women who relied on the midwife to administer subcutaneous fentanyl or intramuscular pethidine, were more often focused on the physical effect of the drug. Pethidine was the least preferred option due to adverse effects.Implications For PracticeFor women requesting parenteral analgesia, fentanyl administered by less invasive routes offers women additional options that may better meet their emotional, cognitive and physical needs than the current practice of administering intramuscular pethidine.Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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