• Juan F Blanco, Eva M Villarón, David Pescador, Carmen da Casa, Victoria Gómez, Alba M Redondo, Olga López-Villar, Miriam López-Parra, Sandra Muntión, and Fermín Sánchez-Guijo.
• Trauma and Orthopedics Service, IBSAL - University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain. jfblanco@usal.es.
• Stem Cell Res Ther. 2019 Feb 22; 10 (1): 63.

BackgroundPosterolateral spinal fusion with autologous bone graft is considered the "gold standard" for lumbar degenerative disc disease (DDD) when surgical treatment is indicated. The potential role of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) to replace the bone graft in this setting has not been fully addressed.ObjectiveTo analyze the safety, feasibility and potential clinical efficacy of the implantation of autologous MSCs embedded with tricalcium phosphate as a therapeutic alternative to bone graft in patients with DDD during posterolateral spine fusion.Study DesignPhase I/II single-arm prospective clinical trial.MethodsEleven patients with monosegmental DDD at L4-L5 or L5-S1 level were included. Autologous bone marrow-derived MSC were expanded in our Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) Facility and implanted during spinal surgery embedded in a tricalcium phosphate carrier. Monitoring of patients included a postoperative period of 12 months with four visits (after the 1st, 3rd, 6th, and 12th month), with clinical and radiological assessment that included the visual analog scale (VAS), the Oswestry disability index (ODI), the Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36), the vertebral fusion grade observed through a simple Rx, and the evaluation of possible complications or adverse reactions. In addition, all patients were further followed up to 5 years for outcome.ResultsMedian age of patients included was 44 years (range 30-58 years), and male/female ratio was (6/5) L4-L5 and L5-S1 DDD was present five and six patients, respectively. Autologous MSCs were expanded in all cases. There were no adverse effects related to cell implantation. Regarding efficacy, both VAS and ODI scores improved after surgery. Radiologically, 80% of patients achieved lumbar fusion at the end of the follow-up. No adverse effects related to the procedure were recorded.ConclusionsThe use of autologous MSCs for spine fusion in patients with monosegmental degenerative disc disease is feasible, safe, and potentially effective.Trial Registrationno. EudraCT: 2010-018335-17 ; code Identifier: NCT01513694 ( clinicaltrials.gov ).

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