• Takuo Arikawa, Shigeru Toyoda, Akiko Haruyama, Hirohisa Amano, Shu Inami, Naoyuki Otani, Masashi Sakuma, Isao Taguchi, Shichiro Abe, Koichi Node, and Teruo Inoue.
• Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University, 321-0293 Mibu, Japan. Electronic address: takuoari@dokkyomed.ac.jp.
• Heart Lung Circ. 2016 May 1; 25 (5): 435-41.

BackgroundThe impact of obstructive sleep apnoea on heart failure with preserved ejection fraction is unknown.MethodsFifty-eight patients who had heart failure with a left ventricular ejection fraction; ≥50% underwent a sleep study. Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels were determined at enrolment and at one, six, 12 and 36 months after enrolment.ResultsObstructive sleep apnoea was found in 39 patients (67%), and they were all subsequently treated with continuous positive airway pressure. Echocardiography at admission showed that E/E' tended to be higher in the 39 patients with, than in the 19 patients without, obstructive sleep apnoea (15.0±3.6 vs 12.1±1.9, respectively, P=0.05). The median BNP levels at enrolment were similar in patients with and without obstructive sleep apnoea [median (interquartile range): 444 (233-752) vs 316 (218-703) pg/ml]. Although BNP levels decreased over time in both groups, the reduction was less pronounced in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (P<0.05). Consequently, BNP levels were higher in patients with sleep apnoea at six months, [221 (137-324) vs 76 (38-96) pg/ml, P<0.05], 12 months [123 (98-197) vs 52 (38-76) pg/ml, P<0.05] and 36 months [115 (64-174) vs 56 (25-74) pg/ml, P<0.05].ConclusionObstructive sleep apnoea, even when treated appropriately, may worsen long-term cardiac function and outcomes in patients who have heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.Copyright © 2015 Australian and New Zealand Society of Cardiac and Thoracic Surgeons (ANZSCTS) and the Cardiac Society of Australia and New Zealand (CSANZ). Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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