• João Pedro Ferreira, Abhinav Sharma, and Faiez Zannad.
• Université de Lorraine, INSERM, Centre d'Investigation Clinique et Plurithématique 1433, INSERM U1116, CHRU de Nancy, F-CRIN INI-CRCT (Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists), Nancy, France. Electronic address: j.ferreira@chru-nancy.fr.
• Am. J. Med. 2021 May 1; 134 (5): 569-575.

AbstractMassive animal farming for meat production poses major problems in terms of resource use, environmental impact, and biodiversity. Furthermore, excessive meat consumption has been associated with multiple deleterious health consequences. However, more and better-designed randomized trials are needed to increase the level of evidence on the health impacts of meat. Novel meat alternatives, such as plant- and cell-based meat, are much less impactful to the environment and might replace traditional animal meat in the future, but, despite promising early data, the health consequences of these novel products need further study. This manuscript focuses on the health impacts of meat over 3 main sections: 1) overview of the evidence highlighting the association of meat consumption with health; 2) novel alternatives to meat, including plant-based and cell-based alternatives; and 3) examine the rationale for randomized studies to evaluate the effects of the novel meat alternatives compared with the standard animal meat.Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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