• Sung-Hye You, Byungjun Kim, Kyung-Sook Yang, Bo Kyu Kim, and Jaeil Ryu.
• Department of Radiology, Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
• Neurosurgery. 2021 Jan 13; 88 (2): E179-E189.

BackgroundThe optimal magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) sequence for assessing the aneurysm occlusion state or in-stent flow after endovascular coiling is not well established.ObjectiveTo evaluate the diagnostic performance of pointwise encoding time reduction with radial acquisition (PETRA)-MRA in patients who underwent endovascular coiling relative to that of time-of-flight (TOF)-MRA and contrast-enhanced (CE)-MRA.MethodsWe evaluated the aneurysm occlusion state using digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and MRA. In patients who underwent stent-assisted coiling, we estimated the visibility of in-stent flow.ResultsWe enrolled 189 patients with assessable TOF, PETRA, and CE-MRAs after coiling. In patients who underwent simple coiling (128 patients), PETRA showed a higher sensitivity in the detection of residual flow than TOF and CE (PETRA, 100%; CE, 83%; TOF, 80%). There were no significant differences in the height of residual flow between DSA (0.68 ± 1.45 mm) and PETRA (0.70 ± 1.50 mm; P = 1.000). In patients who underwent stent-assisted coiling (61 patients), PETRA showed the highest sensitivity (88%) in detecting residual flow (CE, 56%; TOF, 31%). Regarding in-stent flow, PETRA, CE, and TOF showed visual scores of ≥3 with frequencies of 96.7%, 85.2%, and 37.7%, respectively. Relative signal-to-noise ratio of PETRA (0.62 ± 0.18) was significantly higher than that of CE (0.56 ± 0.12) and TOF (0.39 ± 0.12; P < .001 for both).ConclusionPETRA-MRA showed excellent diagnostic performance in terms of residual flow detection and in-stent flow assessment. PETRA could be a versatile alternative sequence for following up patients with coiled aneurysm.Copyright © 2020 by the Congress of Neurological Surgeons.

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