• César Antonio Tavares da Rocha, Lia Mayumi Kubota Kamada, Pedro Hilton de Andrade Filho, Isabela Araujo Villaverde, Jacqueline Yamahata Barbosa Shiro, and Silva Junior João Manoel da JMD http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1494-0784 Chefe do departamento de anestesiologia do Hospital do Servidor Público Estadual .
• Hospital do Servidor Público Estadual de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
• Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992). 2020 Dec 1; 66 (12): 1725-1730.

ObjectiveBronchoaspiration of gastric content is associated with high morbidity and mortality, but evaluating this complication is a difficult task. However, gastric ultrasonography can safely assess gastric content and prevent bronchoaspiration. Therefore, a systematic review was performed in order to verify the efficacy of ultrasonography in the qualitative and quantitative analyses of gastric content.MethodsA literature review of articles published between 2009 and 2019 in the PubMed and LILACS databases was conducted using combinations of the keywords "gastric ultrasound," "gastric emptying," and "gastric content."ResultsOf the 20 articles found, 19 chose the antral region as the best site for qualitative analysis of the gastric content. Regarding quantitative measurement, the most commonly used method to calculate the gastric volume in eight articles was the formula "Gastric Volume = 27 + (14.6 × ATAG) - (1.28 × Age)," in which the area of the transverse section of the gastric antrum (ATAG) could also be calculated by the largest antral diameters or by free tracing.ConclusionAn efficient evaluation of the gastric content can be performed by ultrasonography of the antral region, contributing to greater safety in the clinical management of patients with increased risk for bronchoaspiration during airway management.

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