Current understanding of the application of pyridinium oximes

Eur. J. Pharmacol. · Dec 2006

Review

Current understanding of the application of pyridinium oximes as cholinesterase reactivators in treatment of organophosphate poisoning.

This paper reviews the mechanisms of interaction of organophosphorus compounds with cholinesterases and clinical signs of acute poisoning. Further, we describe the current understanding of the mechanisms of action of pyridinium oximes pralidoxime (PAM-2), trimedoxime (TMB-4), obidoxime (LüH-6, Toxogonin), HI-6 and HLö-7 which are used as cholinesterase reactivators in the treatment of poisoning with organophosphorus compounds. We also review the most important literature data related to the efficacy of these oximes in the treatment of poisoning with warfare nerve agents soman, sarin, tabun, VX and cyclosarin and organophosphorus insecticides. Finally, we discuss the criteria for selection of oximes intended for further development as antidotes in poisoning with organophosphorus compounds and auto-injectors for their application in urgent situations.

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- Milan Jokanović and Milos P Stojiljković.
- Experta Consulting, Nehruova 57, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia and Montenegro. mikatox@hotmail.com
- Eur. J. Pharmacol. 2006 Dec 28; 553 (1-3): 10-7.
AbstractThis paper reviews the mechanisms of interaction of organophosphorus compounds with cholinesterases and clinical signs of acute poisoning. Further, we describe the current understanding of the mechanisms of action of pyridinium oximes pralidoxime (PAM-2), trimedoxime (TMB-4), obidoxime (LüH-6, Toxogonin), HI-6 and HLö-7 which are used as cholinesterase reactivators in the treatment of poisoning with organophosphorus compounds. We also review the most important literature data related to the efficacy of these oximes in the treatment of poisoning with warfare nerve agents soman, sarin, tabun, VX and cyclosarin and organophosphorus insecticides. Finally, we discuss the criteria for selection of oximes intended for further development as antidotes in poisoning with organophosphorus compounds and auto-injectors for their application in urgent situations.

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Current understanding of the application of pyridinium oximes as cholinesterase reactivators in treatment of organophosphate poisoning.

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