• Susan A Olender, Katherine K Perez, Alan S Go, Bindu Balani, Eboni G Price-Haywood, Nirav S Shah, Su Wang, Theresa L Walunas, Shobha Swaminathan, Jihad Slim, BumSik Chin, Stéphane De Wit, Shamim M Ali, Alex Soriano Viladomiu, Philip Robinson, Robert L Gottlieb, Tak Yin Owen Tsang, I-Heng Lee, Richard H Haubrich, Anand P Chokkalingam, Lanjia Lin, Lijie Zhong, B Nebiyou Bekele, Robertino Mera-Giler, Joel Gallant, Lindsey E Smith, Anu O Osinusi, Diana M Brainard, Hao Hu, Chloé Phulpin, Holly Edgar, Helena Diaz-Cuervo, and Jose I Bernardino.
• Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, USA.
• Clin. Infect. Dis. 2020 Jul 24.

BackgroundWe compared the efficacy of the antiviral agent, remdesivir, versus standard-of-care treatment in adults with severe COVID-19 using data from a phase 3 remdesivir trial and a retrospective cohort of patients with severe COVID-19 treated with standard-of-care.MethodsGS-US-540-5773 is an ongoing phase 3, randomized, open-label trial comparing two courses of remdesivir (remdesivir-cohort). GS-US-540-5807 is an ongoing real-world, retrospective cohort study of clinical outcomes in patients receiving standard-of-care treatment (non-remdesivir-cohort). Inclusion criteria were similar between studies: patients had confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, were hospitalized, had oxygen saturation 94% or lower on room air or required supplemental oxygen, and had pulmonary infiltrates. Stabilized inverse probability of treatment weighted multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate the treatment effect of remdesivir versus standard-of-care. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients with recovery on day 14, dichotomized from a 7-point clinical status ordinal scale. A key secondary endpoint was mortality.ResultsAfter the inverse probability of treatment weighting procedure 312 and 818 patients were counted in the remdesivir- and non-remdesivir-cohorts, respectively. At day 14, 74.4% of patients in the remdesivir-cohort had recovered versus 59.0% in the non-remdesivir-cohort (adjusted odds ratio 2.03: 95% confidence interval 1.34-3.08, p<0.001). At day 14, 7.6% of patients in the remdesivir-cohort had died versus 12.5% in the non-remdesivir-cohort (adjusted odds ratio 0.38, 95% confidence interval: 0.22-0.68, p=0.001).ConclusionsIn this comparative analysis, by day 14, remdesivir was associated with significantly greater recovery and 62% reduced odds of death versus standard-of-care treatment in patients with severe COVID-19.© The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America.

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