• Dong-Gune Chang, Jin-Hyok Kim, Kee-Yong Ha, Jung-Sub Lee, Ji-Seok Jang, and Se-Il Suk.
• *Seoul Spine Institute, Sanggye Paik Hospital, College of Medicine, Inje University, Seoul, Korea †Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea; and ‡Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea.
• Spine. 2015 Apr 15; 40 (8): E484-91.

Study DesignA retrospective study.ObjectiveTo evaluate the surgical outcomes of posterior hemivertebra resection and short segment fusion with segmental pedicle screw fixation in congenital scoliosis in children younger than 10 years.Summary Of Background DataThis is the first long-term follow-up on surgical outcomes of posterior hemivertebra resection and short segment fusion using segmental pedicle screw fixation in children younger than 10 years with congenital scoliosis.MethodsPatients with congenital scoliosis (n = 18) younger than 10 years at the time of the surgery were treated by posterior hemivertebra resection and bilateral pedicle screw fixation. The mean age at the time of surgery was 6.6 years (range, 2.6-9.8 yr). They were retrospectively studied with a mean follow-up of 11.4 years (range, 7.1-17.3 yr).ResultsThe mean Cobb angle of the main curve was 34.4° before surgery, 8.6° after surgery, and 12.9° at last follow-up. In the compensatory cranial curve, the preoperative Cobb angle of 14.5° was corrected to 5.9° postoperatively and was 8.4° at last follow-up. In the compensatory caudal curve, the preoperative Cobb angle of 17.4° improved to 4° postoperatively and 6.6° at last follow-up. There were no crankshaft phenomena and no clinical and radiographical features suggestive of spinal stenosis during follow-up. There were no major vascular or neurological complications related to the pedicle screws.ConclusionPosterior hemivertebra resection after pedicle screw fixation in congenital scoliosis is a safe and effective procedure that can achieve rigid fixation and deformity correction and restore spinal balance. This study showed that early posterior hemivertebra resection of congenital scoliosis before structural changes occur above or below can reduce fusion length, prevent curve progression, and effectively achieve a more satisfactory correction without hazardous iatrogenic spinal stenosis, crankshaft phenomena, or neurological complications.Level Of Evidence3.

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